APACHE SPARK

Apache Spark with Python 101—Quick Start to PySpark (2025)

Apache Spark is an open source, distributed engine for large-scale data processing. It was developed at UC Berkeley’s AMPLab in 2009 (and released publicly in 2010), mainly to address the limitations of Hadoop MapReduce—particularly for iterative algorithms and interactive data analysis. Spark executes programs significantly faster—up to 100x quicker than Hadoop MapReduce in certain workloads—primarily due to its in-memory processing capabilities. Plus,…

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What is Data Science? Understanding the Differences Between Supervised and Unsupervised Learning

What is Data Science? Understanding the Differences Between Supervised and Unsupervised Learning

  What is Data Science? Data Science is an interdisciplinary field that blends various tools, algorithms, machine learning principles, and statistical techniques with the ultimate goal of extracting valuable insights from raw data. The primary focus of data science is to analyze large and complex data sets to uncover patterns, trends, and relationships that can…

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Key Assumptions for Linear Regression: Ensuring Model Validity

Key Assumptions for Linear Regression: Ensuring Model Validity

Understanding the Assumptions of Linear Regression Linear regression is a powerful statistical technique used for modeling the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. While the model can be highly effective for making predictions, its validity and accuracy depend on certain assumptions being met. These assumptions ensure that the model fits…

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llms

How LLMs Work: Step-by-Step Explanation

What is a large language model (LLM)? Large Language Models are machine learning models that employ Artificial Neural Networks and large data repositories to power Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. An LLM serves as a type of AI model designed to be able to grasp, create, and manipulate natural language. These models rely on deep…

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