At its core, ChatGPT-4 is built on the Transformer architecture, which revolutionized AI with its self-attention mechanism. Below, we break down the key components and their roles in generating human-like text. 1. Transformer Architecture Overview The Transformer consists of encoder and decoder stacks, but GPT-4 is decoder-only (it generates text autoregressively). Key Layers in Each Block:…
In recent years, two major breakthroughs have revolutionized the field of Large Language Models (LLMs): 1. 2017: The publication of Google’s seminal paper, (https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762) by Vaswani et al., which introduced the Transformer architecture – a neural network that fundamentally changed Natural Language Processing (NLP). 2. 2022: The launch of ChatGPT by OpenAI, a transformer-based chatbot…
Artificial Intelligence is no longer a futuristic concept—it’s a disruptive force reshaping the present. In 2025, AI is deeply integrated into the fabric of our personal, professional, and societal systems. From how we work to how we protect the planet, here are six major trends defining AI’s growing influence across industries. 1. AI + Work:…
What is a large language model (LLM)? Large Language Models are machine learning models that employ Artificial Neural Networks and large data repositories to power Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. An LLM serves as a type of AI model designed to be able to grasp, create, and manipulate natural language. These models rely on deep…
Course on Large Language Models NOTE: You’re only meant to change code marked with “# TODO:” Table of Contents Setting Up API Key Configuration Connecting to OpenAI API Exploring the API Creating Chat Completions Understanding Completion Parameters Prompt Engineering Crafting Effective Prompts Strategies and Best Practices Advanced Techniques Utilizing Embeddings Function Calling in LLMs Extras…
